Please use a dictionary and find the meaning of the following words. Remember to note the examples in sentences also.
Briefly ( ²³æ¦a )
Calculate ( pºâ )
Compare ( ¤ñ¸û )
Deduce ( ±À½× )
Describe ( ´y¼g )
Explain / account for ( ¸ÑÄÀ )
Name/ label ( ¼g¥X ¡K ªº¦WºÙ )
State ( ´£¥X / ¼g¥X )
Suggest ( ´£¨Ñ / Á|¥X )
Compare ( ¤ñ¸û )
Contrast ( «ü¥X®t²§ )
Identify ( ¿ì»{ )
List ( ¦C¥X )
Trace ( °lÂÜ )
Outline ( ·§z )
Analyze( ¤ÀªR )
Discuss ( °Q½× )
Examine ( ¼f¬d )
Annotate ( §@µùÄÀ )
Similarities ( ¬Û¦ü )
Differences ( ¤£¦P )
Comment ( µû½× )
Evaluate ( µû¦ô )
With reference to ( °Ñ¦Ò )
Flowchart ( ¬yµ{¹Ï )
Name ( ©R¦W )
What conclusion ( ¬Æ»òµ²½× )
According to ( ®Ú¾Ú )
Chapter 1
Biology ¥Íª«¾Ç
Organism ¥Íª«
Nutrition Àç¾i
Respiration ©I§l§@¥Î
Movement ¹B°Ê
Growth ¥Íªø
Irritability ·PÀ³©Ê
Reproduction ¥Í´Þ
Excretion ±Æªn
Scientific method ¬ì¾Ç¤èªk
Hypothesis °²»¡
Prediction ¹w´ú
Conclusion µ²½×
Control ¹ï·Ó
Chapter 2
inorganic µL¾÷ªº
organic ¦³¾÷ªº
nitrate µv»ÄÆQ
nitrogen ´á
magnesium Áâ
calcium ¶t
iron ÅK
carbohydrate ºÒ¤ô¤Æ¦Xª«
lipid ¯×½è
protein ³J¥Õ½è
nucleic acid ®Ö»Ä
Bio-molecule ¥Íª«¤À¤l
cell ²ÓM
microscope Åã·LÃè
cell membrane ²ÓM½¤
differentially permeable ®t²§³z©Êªº
cytoplasm ²ÓM½è
nucleus ²ÓM®Ö
endoplasmic reticulum ¤º½èºô
mitochondrion ½u²ÉÅé
vacuole ²Gªw
cell wall ²ÓM¾À
chloroplast ¸ºñÅé
chlorophyll ¸ºñ¯À
tissue ²Õ´
organ ¾¹©x
system ¨t²Î
temporary mount Á{®É¸Ë¤ù
eukaryotic cell ¯u®Ö²ÓM
prokaryotic cell ì®Ö²ÓM
Chapter 3
fluid mosaic model ¬y°ÊÆ^´O¼Ò«¬
phospholipid bilayer ÁC¯×Âù¼h
diffusion ÂX´²
concentration gradient ¿@«×±è«×
osmosis º¯³z
water potential ¤ô¶Õ
dialysis tubing ³zªRºÞ
hypotonic §Cº¯ªº
burst Ãzµõ
turgid ¿±µÈ
hypertonic °ªº¯ªº
shrink µäÁY
plasmolysis ½è¾À¤ÀÂ÷
flaccid ³nÁY
isotonic µ¥º¯ªº
haemolysis ·»¦å
active transport ¥D°ÊÂà¹B
phagocytosis §]¾½
Pseudopodium °°¨¬
Chapter 4
metabolism ·s³¯¥NÁÂ
enzyme ¨»¨C
catalyst ¶Ê¤Æ¾¯
active site ¬¡©Ê³¡¦ì specific ±M¤@ªº
substrate ¨ü½è
product ¥Í¦¨ª«
lock-and-key hypothesis ÂêÆ_°²»¡
denature ÅÜ©Ê
optimum ³Ì¾Aªº
competitive inhibitor Ävª§©Ê§í¨î¾¯
non-competitive inhibitor «DÄvª§©Ê§í¨î¾¯
Chapter 5
heterotrophic nutrition ²§¾iÀç¾i
heterotroph ²§¾i¥Íª«
food substance ¹ª«ª«½è
carbohydrate ºÒ¤ô¤Æ¦Xª«
lipid ¯×½è
protein ³J¥Õ½è
vitamin ºû¥Í¯À
mineral Äqª«½è
dietary fibre ¹¥ÎÅÖºû
balanced diet §¡¿Å¿¯¹
Monosaccharide ³æ¿}
Condensation ÁY¦X
Hydrolysis ¤ô¸Ñ
Maltose ³ÁªÞ¿}
Glucose ¸²µå¿}
Fructose ªG¿}
Sucrose ½©¿}
Glycogen ¿}ì
Cellulose ÅÖºû¯À
Triglyceride ¤Tà¥Ìªo
Fatty acid »ÄªÕ»Ä
Glycerol ¥Ìªo
Amino acid ®ò°ò»Ä
Polypeptide ¦hûL
Scurvy Ãa¦å¯f
Rickets §Fܼ¯f
Anaemia ³h¦å
Benedict's test ¥»¥ß¼w´ú¸Õ
Precipitate ¨H·µ
Obesity èªÎ
Chapter 6
ingestion Äá¹
digestion ®ø¤Æ§@¥Î
absorption §l¦¬§@¥Î
assimilation ¦P¤Æ§@¥Î
egestion ±Æ¿ò§@¥Î
teeth ¤ú¾¦
crown ¾¦«a
neck ¾¦ÀV
root ¾¦®Ú
enamel µW·ã½è
dentine ¤ú¥»½è
cement ¤ú°©½è
pulp cavity ÅèµÄ
dentition ¾¦¨t
periodontal membrane ¤ú ©P½¤
jaw bone ÃE°©
nerve ¯«¸g
blood capillaries ·L¦åºÞ
incisor ªù¾¦
canine ¤ü¾¦
premolar «e¦Ý¾¦
molar ¦Ý¾¦
milk teeth ¨Å¾¦
permanent teeth ùÚ¾¦
dental caries ³E¤ú
periodontal disease ¤ú©P¯f
digestive system ®ø¤Æ¨t²Î
alimentary canal ®ø¤Æ¹D
peristalsis į°Ê
oesophagus ¹¹D
stomach G
small intestine ¤p¸z
duodenum ¤Q¤G«ü¸z
ileum °j¸z
caecum ª¼¸z
appendix Áñ§À
large intestine ¤j¸z
colon µ²¸z
rectum ª½¸z
anus ¨zªù
digestive gland ®ø¤Æ¸¢
pancreas ¯ØŦ
liver ¨xŦ
villus µ³¤ò
lacteal ¨ÅÁSºÞ
faeces ÁT«K
constipation «K¯µ
deamination ²æ®ò§@¥Î
Chapter 7
breathing system ©I§l¨t²Î
gas exchange ®ðÅé¥æ´«
nostril »ó¤Õ
nasal cavity »óµÄ
mucus ÂH²G
cilia ÅÖ¤ò
capillary ·L¦åºÞ
trachea ®ðºÞ
cartilage ³n°©
bronchus ¤ä®ðºÞ
bronchiole ¤p¤ä®ðºÞ
air sac ®ðÅn
respiratory surface ©I§lªí±
pulmonary artery ªÍ°Ê¯ß
pulmonary vein ªÍÀR¯ß
lung ªÍ
rib ¦Ø°©
intercostal muscle ¦Ø¶¡¦Ù
rib cage ¦Ø°©Äx
diaphragm ¾î¹j½¤
pleural membrane ¯Ý½¤
pleural fluid ¯Ý½¤²G
haemoglobin ¦å¬õ³J¥Õ
oxyhaemoglobin ®ñ¦X¦å¬õ³J¥Õ
oxygenated blood §t®ñ¦å
deoxygenated blood ¯Ê®ñ¦å
hydrogencarbonate ion ºÒ»Ä²BÆQÂ÷¤l
ventilation ´«®ð
inhalation §l®ð
exhalation ©I®ð
Chapter 8
circulatory system ´`Àô¨t²Î
blood ¦å²G
blood vessel ¦åºÞ
heart ¤ß
plasma ¦å¼ß
red blood cell ¬õ¦å²ÓM
white blood cell ¥Õ¦å²ÓM
blood platelet ¦å¤pªO
aorta ¤j°Ê¯ß
arteriole ¤p°Ê¯ß
venule ¤pÀR¯ß
vena cava µÄÀR¯ß
artery °Ê¯ß
vein ÀR¯ß
capillary ·L¦åºÞ
coronary artery «aª¬°Ê¯ß
atrium ¤ß©Ð
ventricle ¤ß«Ç
septum ¹j
bicuspid valve ¤G¦yä
tricuspid valve ¤T¦yä
semilunar valve ¥b¤ëä
heart tendon ¤ß¸x
pulmonary circulation ªÍ´`Àô
systemic circulation Åé´`Àô
tissue fluid ²Õ´²G
lymphatic system ²O¤Ú¨t²Î
lymph capillary ²O¤Ú·LºÞ
lymph ²O¤Ú
lymph node ²O¤Úµ²
Phagocyte §]¾½²ÓM
lymphocyte ²Oªw²ÓM
haemoglobin ¦å¬õ³J¥Õ
Bone marrow °©Åè
spleen µÊ
Fibrous tissue ÅÖºû²Õ´
valve ¿ì½¤
pericardium ³ò¤ß½¤
Aorta ¤j°Ê¯ß
Hepatic artery ¨x°Ê¯ß
Renal artery µÇ°Ê¯ß
Hepatic portal vein ¨xªùÀR¯ß
Anterior vena cava ¤WµÄ¤jÀR¯ß
Posterior vena cava ¤UµÄ¤jÀR¯ß
Chapter 9
nutrition Àç¾i
autotroph ¦Û¾i¥Íª«
mineral Äqª«½è
producer ¥Í²£ªÌ
ion Â÷¤l
major element ¤j¶q¤¸¯À
Trace element ·L¶q¤¸¯À
root cap ®Ú«a
epidermis ªí¥Ö
root hair ®Ú¤ò
cortex ¥Ö¼h
vascular bundle ºûºÞ§ô
gas exchange ®ðÅé¥æ´«
stoma (plural: stomata) ®ð¤Õ
guard cell «O½Ã²ÓM
cuticle ¨¤½è¼h
Upper epidermis ¤Wªí¥Ö
Lower epidermis ¤Uªí¥Ö
Palisade mesophyll ¬]ª¬¸¦×
spongy mesophyll ®üºø¸¦×
cork ¤ì®ê
lenticel ¥Ö¤Õ
light intensity ¥ú±j«×
compensation point ¸ÉÀvÂI